Myopia Management PERSPECTIVES

Clarifying the Language of Myopia Care: Understanding Myopia Correction, Control, and Management

What do you call treatments that aim to slow myopia progression?

The latest editorial from the International Myopia Institute (IMI), titled ‘Myopia Correction, Myopia Control, and Myopia Management: Definitions and Recommended Usage’, addresses confusion around the terminology commonly used in myopia care.

These terms are used in clinical practice, research and in communication with patients and families, so clear definitions are especially important.

The paper also reinforces the World Council of Optometry’s terminology, which emphasizes the three pillars of effective myopia care: mitigation, measurement, and management. The goal is to guide eye care professionals in using consistent language to promote safe and informed clinical practice.

Defining Myopia Correction, Control, and Management

According to the IMI, myopia correction refers to interventions such as spectacles or contact lenses that improve visual acuity but do not slow myopia progression. Myopia control, on the other hand, refers to evidence-based optical and pharmacological interventions that slow the progression of myopia.

Myopia management describes a comprehensive strategy for children that encompasses Mitigation (risk assessment, early detection and lifestyle advice), Measurement (monitoring refraction and axial length), and Management (myopia control interventions and longer term care for ocular health).

The editorial also notes that while the word control may suggest complete halting of progression, it should be interpreted in the same way it is used in other areas of medicine, where partial but measurable benefit is still considered valuable.

Key Takeaways for Practicing Optometrists

- Consider the language you use for different audiences in professional documentation, as well as when speaking with patients to ensure clarity and understanding.
- Eye care professionals should recognize that correcting vision alone is not sufficient for individuals at risk of progression or complications. A proactive care model is now considered best practice.
- The IMI definitions are closely aligned with the framework endorsed by the World Council of Optometry, supporting international consistency in both clinical and public health messaging.
- Some approaches can overlap in a positive manner. For example, some daily disposable contact lenses offer myopia correction (the wearer can see clearly) and myopia control (axial length progression is likely to slow) and they are typically prescribed as part of a wider strategy of myopia management for a patient.

Three Action Items for Practicing Optometrists

Review your terminology: Check patient materials, reports, and communication tools to ensure accurate and consistent use of the terms myopia correction, control, and management.
Base care on evidence: Only offer treatments that are supported by high-quality clinical data, and monitor outcomes using both refraction and axial length measurements if both measurements are available.
Inform families effectively: Make clear the difference between correcting vision and managing the condition. Emphasize the importance of longterm monitoring and lifestyle changes alongside any treatment plan.

To access the full IMI editorial, click here.

Disclaimer
Availability of interventions with regulatory indications to slow progression of myopia varies by country and some products or treatments may be used off-label. It is essential that patients are fully informed of potential risks, benefits, and alternatives and that proper education and informed consent are obtained before proceeding.